金属材料、型钢及填料 非金属材料 填料名词术语 中英文翻译

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3 材料、型钢及填料

3.1 金属材料

3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal

碳素钢carbon steel (CS)
低碳钢low-carbon steel
中碳钢medium-carbon steel
高碳钢high-carbon steel
普通碳素钢general carbon steel
优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel
普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel
合金结构钢structural alloy steel
合金钢alloy steel
低合金钢low alloy steel
中合金钢medium alloy steel
高合金钢high alloy steel
耐热钢heat resisting steel
高强度钢high strength steel
复合钢clad steel
工具钢tool steel
弹簧钢spring steel
钼钢 molybdenum steel
镍钢 nickel steel
铬钢 chromium steel
铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel
铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel
不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)
奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel
马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel
司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite
耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy
铬镍铁合金inconel
耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy
20合金 20 alloy
平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel
镇静钢killed steel
半镇静钢semi-killed steel
沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel
锻钢 forged steel
铸钢 cast steel
铸铁 cast iron (C.I.)
灰铸铁grey cast iron
可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)
球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron
生铁 pig iron
熟铁，锻铁wrought iron
铸件 casting
高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron

3.1.2 镀层及制造方法

渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel
镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated
镀层 plating
锻造，型钢swage
锻造的，锻造forging
轧制 rolling
热轧 hot rolling
冷轧 cold rolling
挤压 extruding
冷加工 coldworking
热加工hot working
拔制 drawing

3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrousMetal

铝 aluminum
铜，紫铜copper
黄铜 brass
青铜 bronze
铝青铜aluminum bronze
磷青铜phosphor bronze
铝镁合金aluminum magnesium
锰青铜manganese bronze
蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel
镍铜台金nickel copper alloy
非铁合金nonferrous alloy
钛 titanium
铅 lead
硬铅 hard lead

3.1.4 材料性能

极限强度ultimate strength
抗拉强度tensile strength
屈服极限yield limit
屈服点yield point
延伸率percentage elongation
抗压强度compressive strength
抗弯强度bending strength
弹性极限elastic limit
冲击值impact value
疲劳极限fatigue limit
蠕变极限creep limit
持久极限endurance limit
布氏硬度Brinell hardness
洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness
维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness
蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength
断面收缩率reduction of area
韧性 toughess
脆性 brittleness
延性 ductility
冷脆 cold shortness
冷流 cold flow

3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material

塑料 plastic
丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)
聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)
聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)
聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)
聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)
聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)
氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)
聚酰胺polyamide (PA)
聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
醋酸丁酸纤维素celluloseacetate butyrate (CAB)
氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)
聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
缩醛塑料acetal plastic
尼龙塑料nylon plastic
聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)
石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics
聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics
热塑性塑料thermoplastic
热固性塑料thermosetting plastics
胶粘剂adhesive
溶剂胶接剂solvent cement
树脂 resin
环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin
聚酯树脂polyester resin
聚酯纤维polyester fibers
氟塑料fluoroplastics
聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane
丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin
脲醛树脂urea resin
呋哺树脂furan resin
乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)
合成橡胶synthetic rubber
橡胶 rubber
丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber
氯丁橡胶neoprene
天然橡胶natural rubber
乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)
玻璃 glass
硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass
耐火砖fire brick
陶瓷 ceramic
搪瓷 porcelain enamel
木材 wood

3.3 型材

型钢 shaped steel, sectionsteel, swage
角钢 angle steel
槽钢 channel
工字钢I-beam
宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam
T型钢 T-bar
方钢 square bar
扁钢 flat bar
角钢 hexagonal steel bar
圆钢 round steel; rod
钢带 strap steel
钢板 plate
网纹钢板checkered plate
腹板（指型钢的立板）web
翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing


3.4 填料及填料函

填料 packing
石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．
O形环 O-ring
自密封self-sealing
四氟带Teflon tap
带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos
浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing
金属填料metallic stuffing
填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box
填料函压盖stuffing box gland