英文摘要(100~150 words)须与中文摘要相对应,摘要应回答好以下4方面问题:1) What you want to do(直接写出研究目的,可缺省);2) Howyou did it(详细陈述过程和方法);3)What results did you get and whatconclusions can you draw(全面罗列结果和结论);4) What is original in yourpaper(通过2)和3)两方面内容展示文中创新之处)。 1) 首句不得简单重复题名中已有的信息; 2) 用过去时态叙述作者工作,用现在时态叙述作者结论; 3) 文摘中的缩写名称在第一次出现时要有全称; 4) 文摘中尽量少用特殊字符; 5) 用重要的事实开头,尽可能避免用辅助从句开头,例如: 用Power consumption of telephone suitchingsystems was determined from data obtained experimentally. 6) 避免使用动词的名词形式。例如: 正:“Thickness of plastic sheet wasmeasured”;误:“measurement of thickness of plastic sheetwas made” 7) 正确地使用冠词,既应避免多加冠词,也应避免蹩脚地省略冠词。例如: 正:“Pressure is a function of thetemperature”;误:“The pressure is a function of thetemperature”; 8) 避免使用长的、连串的形容词、名词、或形容词加名词,来修饰名词。可使用介词短语,或用连字符连接名词词组中的名词,形成修饰单元。 9) 尽量用主动语态代替被动语态,如:Aexceeds B比B is exceeded by A好。 10) 构成句子时,动词应靠近主语。 “When the pigment was dissolved indioxane, decolorization was irreversible, after 10 hr of UV irradiation.” 11) 能用名词做定语不要用动名词做定语,例如: 用measurement accuracy,不用measuring accuracy 12) 可直接用名词或名词短语做定语的情况下,要少用of句型,例如: 用measurement accur不用accuracy of measurement 13) 可用动词的情况尽量避免用动词的名词形式,例如: 用Thickness of plastic sheet was measured.;不用Measurement of thickness of plastic sheet was made.
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