英汉石油化学工程图解词汇（60多页）ENGLISH-CHINESE PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING
本帖最后由 油气储运网 于 2015-11-11 14:56 编辑英汉石油化学工程图解词汇ENGLISH-CHINESE PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING
ILLUSTRATED VOCABULARIES
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目录很长，只给出一半。
目录 Contents
1. 工艺设备Process Equipment .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1. 塔Column ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1. 板式塔和填料塔Plate Column and Packed Column 1
1.1.1.1. 液流型式Liquid – Flow Patterns 2
1.1.1.2. 泡罩（帽）塔盘Bubble Cap Trays 3
1.1.1.3. 浮阀塔盘Valve Trays 4
1.1.1.4. 筛板塔盘Sieve Trays 6
1.1.1.5. 穿流式塔盘和喷射型塔盘Dual – Flow Trays and Jet Trays 7
1.1.1.6. 塔盘的支承Supports of Tray 8
1.1.1.7. 塔底结构及重（再）沸器Bottom Structures and Reboilers 9
1.1.1.8. 进料和抽出Feed and Draw – Off 10
1.1.1.9. 填料Packings 12
1.1.1.10. 液体分配（布）器，再分配（布）器及填料支持版Liquid Distributors, Redistributors and Support Plates 13
1.1.1.11. 塔附件Tower Attachments 14
1.1.1.12. 楼梯（梯子）和平台Stair and Platform 15
1.1.2. CO2吸收塔CO2 Absorber 16
1.1.3. 再生塔/CO2汽提塔Regenerator / CO2 Stripper 17
1.1.4. 造粒塔Prill Tower 18
1.1.4.1. （造粒塔）总图及造粒喷头组装图General Assembly and Prill-Spray Assembly 18
1.1.4.2. 造粒塔扒料机Prill tower Reclaimer 20
1.2. 反应器Reactor................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22
1.2.1. 氨合成塔Ammonia Converter 22
1.2.2. 聚合釜Polymerizer 24
1.2.3. 电解槽Cell 26
1.2.3.1. 隔膜电解槽Diaphragm Cells 26
1.2.3.2. 水银电解槽Mercury Cells 27
1.3. 贮罐Storage Tanks .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
1.3.1. 浮顶罐Floating Roof Tanks 30
1.3.1.1. 浮顶型式Floating Roof Types 32
1.3.1.2. 浮顶罐的密封形式Seal Types of Floating Roof Tank 34
1.3.2. 内浮顶罐Covered Floating Roof Tanks 35
1.3.3. 低温贮罐Refrigerated Storage Tanks 36
1.4. 蒸发器Evaporators .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
1.5. 换热器Heat Exchangers .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 38
1.5.1. 换热器的名称Nomenclature of Heat Exchanger 40
1.5.1.1. 换热器部件Components of Heat Exchanger 40
1.5.1.2. 固定端头盖（或管箱），壳体及后端头盖型式Types of Stationary Head, Shell and Rear End Head 42
1.5.1.3. 管板Tubesheets 43
1.5.1.4. 管子－管板连接，膨胀节及其他零件Tube-Tube Sheet Joints, Expansion Join ts and Other Parts 44
1.5.1.5. 横向折流板和纵向折流板Transverse Baffles and Longitudinal Baffles 46
1.5.2. 套管式换热器和刮面式换热器Double-Pipc Heat Exchanger and Scraped-Surface Exchanger 47
1.5.3. 套管式纵向翅片换热器Double Pipe Longitudinal Finned Exchanger 48
1.5.4. 板式换热器Plate-Type Exchangers 49
1.5.5. 蒸汽表面冷凝器，凝汽器Steam Surface Condensers 50
1.5.6. 空冷器，空气冷却器Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers 51
1.5.6.1. 空冷器的组合形式Bay Arrangements of Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger 52
1.5.6.2. 管束和头盖（管箱）的典型结构Typical Construction of Tube Bundles and Headers 53
1.5.6.3. 空冷器的驱动装置Drive Arrangements for Air Cooler 54
1.5.6.4. 翅片Fins 55
1.5.6.5. 空冷器的温度控制Temperature Control of Air Cooler 56
1.5.7. 冷却塔，凉水塔（1） Cooling Towers(Ⅰ) 57
冷却塔，凉水塔（2） Cooling Towers(Ⅱ) 58
1.6. 工业炉Furnace............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 60
1.6.1. 管式加热炉Pipe Heater 60
1.6.1.1. 管式加热炉型式Types of pipe Heaters (pipe Still Heater) 60
1.6.1.2. 加热炉Heaters 62
1.1.6.3. 燃烧器，烧嘴Burners 63
1.1.6.4. 炉管，联管箱和回弯头Tube, Headers and Return Bends 64
1.1.6.5. 管架Tube Supports 65
1.6.2. 转化炉Reformers (Reforming Furnaces) 66
1.6.3. 二段转化炉Secondary Reformer 67
1.6.4. 变换炉Shift Converter 68
1.6.5. 热回收和废热锅炉Heat Recovery andWaste Heat Boiler 69
1.6.5.1. 热回收Heat Recovery 69
1.6.5.2. CO燃烧废热锅炉CO FiringWaste Heat Boiler 70
1.6.5.3. 第一废热锅炉PrimaryWaste Heat Boiler 71
1.6.5.4. 第二废热锅炉SecondaryWaste Heat Boiler 72
1.6.6. 火炬Flare Stacks 73
1.7. 混合设备Mixing Equipment........................................................................................................................................................................................... 74
1.7.1. 搅拌器型式（1） Types of Agitator(Ⅰ) 74
搅拌器型式（2） Types of Agitator(Ⅱ) 76
1.7.2. 混合（搅拌）槽Mixing Tanks 77
1.7.3. 管道混合器Line Mixers (Flow Mixers) 78
1.7.4. 静止混合器Static Mixers 79
1.7.5. 膏状物料及粘性物料混（拌）合设备Paste and Viscous-Material Mixing Equipments 80
1.7.6. 固体混合机械Solids Mixing Machines 82
1.7.7. 双螺杆连续混合机Double Screw Continuous Mixer 83
1.8. 萃取器Extractors.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 84
1.8.1. 连续萃取设备，连续抽提设备Continuous Contact (Differential Contact) Equipments 84
1.8.2. 浸提设备Leaching Equipments 86
1.9. 旋风分离器、沉清器、过滤器和离心机Cyclone, Decanter, Filter and Centrifuger............................................................................................................. 87
1.9.1. 旋风分离器（1） Cyclone Separators (Ⅰ) 87
旋风分离器（2） Cyclone Separators (Ⅱ) 88
1.9.2. 气体洗涤器Gas Scrubbers 90
1.9.3. 沉降罐，澄清器Gravity Settlers (Decanters) 92
1.9.4. 过滤机Filter 93
1.9.4.1 压滤机Pressure Filters 93
1.9.4.2 叶滤机Pressure Leaf Filters 94
1.9.4.3 袋式过滤器Bag Filters 95
1.9.4.4 转鼓真空过滤机Rotary-Drum Vacuum Filter 96
1.9.5. 离心式分离机Centrifugal Separator 97
1.9.5.1. 双鼓真空离心过滤机Double-Bowl Vacuum Centrifuge 97
1.9.5.2. 离心机Centrifuges 98
1.9.5.3. 静止叶片型离心式分离器Stationary Vane Type Centrifugal Separators 100
1.10. 干燥器Dryers ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 101
1.10.1. 间接干燥器Indirect Dryers 101
1.10.2. 直接干燥器Direct Dryers 102
1.10.3. 喷雾干燥器Spray Dryers 104
1.10.3.1. 雾化喷头，喷雾嘴，雾化器Spray Nozzles (Atomizers) 105
1.10.4. 气流(气动)输送干燥器Pneumatic Conveyor Dryers 106
1.11. 其他Miscellaneous..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 107
1.11.1. 石油炼制中的流化过程Fluidization Processes in Petroleum Refinery 107
1.11.1.1. 流态化Fluidization 108
1.11.1.2. 流化床分布器Distributors for Fluidized Bed 109
1.11.2. 破沫器及其应用Demister and Its Applications 110
1.11.2.1. 破沫网的安装和纤维除雾器Installation of Mesh and Fiber Mist Eliminator 111
1.11.3. 设备的支座和封头Supports and Heads of Equipments 112
1.11.4. 立式容器的外部保温External Thermal Insulation for Vertical Vessel 113
2. 泵Pump..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................114
2.1. 各种型式的泵(1) Various Types of Pump (Ⅰ) ................................................................................................................................................................114
各种型式的泵(2) Various Types of Pump (Ⅱ) 116
各种型式的泵(3) Various Types of Pump (Ⅲ) 117
各种型式的泵(4) Various Types of Pump (Ⅳ) 118
2.2. 离心泵(1) Centrifugal Pump(Ⅰ) ....................................................................................................................................................................................119
离心泵(2) Centrifugal Pump(Ⅱ) 120
离心泵(3) Centrifugal Pump(Ⅲ) 121
2.3. 管道泵Inline Pump ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 122
2.4. 双作用蒸汽往复泵Duplex Acting Steam-Driven Reciprocating Pump............................................................................................................................ 123
2.5. 双作用活塞式往复泵Double Action Reciprocating Pump, Bucket Type .......................................................................................................................... 124
2.6. 混流泵Mixed-Flow Pump ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 126
2.7. 计量泵Metering Pumps .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 127
2.8. 喷射泵Jet Pumps ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 128
2.9. 喷射装置Ejector Units ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 129
2.9.1. 喷射器的结构Ejector Structures 130
3. 压缩机、鼓风机和风机Compressors Blowers and Fans....................................................................................................................................................... 131
3.1. 螺杆压缩机Screw Compressors.................................................................................................................................................................................. 131
3.2. 旋转式螺杆压缩机Rotary Helical Screw Compressors ................................................................................................................................................. 132
3.3. 活塞式压缩机Piston Compressors .............................................................................................................................................................................. 133
3.4. 往复式压缩机Reciprocating Compressors................................................................................................................................................................... 134
3.5. 低密度聚乙烯(超)高压压缩机High Pressure Compressor for Low Density Polyethylene Process.................................................................................... 136
3.5.1. 高压气缸和中心型组合阀High-Pressure Cylinder and Central Valve 138
3.5.2. 卸荷阀并及其他阀Unloading Valve and Other Valves 140
3.6. 水平剖分式离心压缩机Horizontally Split Centrifugal Compressor ................................................................................................................................. 142
3.7. 鼓风机，压气机Blowers ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 144
3.8. 风机Fans................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 146
3.9. 典型的空气压缩机装置Typical Compressor Installation................................................................................................................................................ 148
4. 输送机和提升机Conveyor and Elevator................................................................................................................................................................................. 149
4.1. 垂直提升(输送)机Vertical Elevator (Conveyor)............................................................................................................................................................. 149
4.1.1. 斗式提升机Bucket Elevator 149
4.1.2. 垂直提升输送机和箱类提升机Vertical Rising Conveyor and Case Elevator 150
4.1.3. 双带提升机Twin Riser 151
4.2. 带式输送机Band (Belt) Conveyor................................................................................................................................................................................ 152
4.2.1. 带式输送机示意图Band Conveyor Sketch 152
4.2.2. 输送机系统Conveyor Systems 153
4.2.3. 带式输送机Band Conveyor 154
4.2.4. 中心距超过600英尺的单轮传动带式输送机用的张紧装置Take-up Unit for Single Drum Drive Belt Conveyor Exceeding 600 Feet Centres 155
4.2.5. 双轮传动带式输送机的张紧装置Take-up Unit for Dual Drum Drive Belt Conveyor 156
4.2.6. 拼装式皮带运输机和移动式皮带运输机Pre-built Sectional Belt Conveyor and Mobile Belt Conveyor 157
4.3. 螺旋输送机Screw Conveyor ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 158
4.4. 吊挂式链输送机和振动输送机Chain Trolley Conveyor and Vibrating Conveyor .............................................................................................................. 159
4.4.1. 吊挂式链输送机部件Units of Chain Trolley Conveyor 160
4.5. 辊子输送机Roller Conveyors ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 162
4.6. 惰轮(托辊)型式Types of Idlers .................................................................................................................................................................................... 163
4.6.1. 托辊(惰轮)结构Construction of Iders 164
5. 破碎和筛分设备Crushing and Screening Equipment............................................................................................................................................................ 166
5.1. 颚式破碎机Jaw crusher .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 166
5.2. 颚式冲击破碎机Impact Jaw Crusher ........................................................................................................................................................................... 168
5.3. 回转球形破碎机Gyrasphere Crusher........................................................................................................................................................................... 169
5.4. 盘式回转破碎机Tray Type Gyratory Crusher ............................................................................................................................................................... 170
5.5. 液压锥形破碎机和冲击式破碎机(叶片破碎机) Hydraulic Cone Crusher and Impact Crusher (Impeller Breaker)................................................................ 172
5.6. 辊子粉碎机Roller Mill ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 173
5.7. 双轴锤击破碎机Double Shaft Hammer Mill.................................................................................................................................................................. 174
5.8. 球磨机Ball Mill ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 176
5.9. 干燥粉磨机Dryer-Pulveriser........................................................................................................................................................................................ 177
5.10. 返混设备布置Layout of Backmixing Equipment ........................................................................................................................................................... 178
5.11. 振动筛Vibrating Screen .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 179
5.12. 分级机Classifiers ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 180
6. 塑料和橡胶加工成型机械Forming Machine For Plastics and Rubber .................................................................................................................................. 181
6.1. 挤压机Extruder .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 181
6.2. 螺杆注塑机Screw Injection Moulding Machine............................................................................................................................................................. 182
6.3. 聚氯乙烯辊压机生产线Calender Line for PVC Production............................................................................................................................................ 183
6.4. 四辊辊压机Four-Roll Calender.................................................................................................................................................................................... 184
7. 给料机，称量器和包装机Feeder, Weighing and Bagging Machine ....................................................................................................................................... 186
7.1. 振动给料机Vibrating Feeder ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 186
7.2. 电振动给料机Electric Vibrating Feeder........................................................................................................................................................................ 188
7.3. 板式给料机Apron Feeder ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 189
7.4. (粉末)均匀自动给料机Smooth Auto-Feeder ................................................................................................................................................................. 190
7.5. 带式计量秤Dosing Belt Weigher ................................................................................................................................................................................. 191
7.6. 定量给料秤Constant Feed Weigher ............................................................................................................................................................................ 192
7.7. 自动装袋系统Automatic Bagging System ....................................................................................................................................................................... 193
8. 汽轮机Steam Turbine......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 194
8.1. 汽轮机的分类(1) Classification of Steam Turbines (Ⅰ).................................................................................................................................................. 194
汽轮机的分类(2) Classification of Steam Turbines (Ⅱ).................................................................................................................................................. 196
8.2. 汽轮机的循环Steam Turbine Cycles............................................................................................................................................................................ 197
8.3. 汽轮机供汽方式Methods of Steam Supply to a Turbine.............................................................................................................................................. 198
8.4. 单级汽轮机Single Stage Steam Turbine ...................................................................................................................................................................... 199
8.5. 冲动式汽轮机Impulse Turbines................................................................................................................................................................................... 200
8.6. 汽轮机轴封Turbine Glands and Gland Sealings .......................................................................................................................................................... 202
8.7. 汽轮机的润滑Lubrication of Steam Turbine ................................................................................................................................................................. 204
8.8. 汽轮机调速器及调速Governors and Governing of Steam Turbine................................................................................................................................. 206
8.9. 汽轮机调速器Turbine Governor...................................................................................................................................................................................... 208
8.10. 超速脱扣装置(保安器) Overspeed Tripping Device........................................................................................................................................................... 210
8.11. 汽轮机的安装Installation of Steam Turbine ......................................................................................................................................................................211
9. 锅炉Boiler ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 212
9.1. 火管锅炉及水管锅炉的基本型式Basic Patterns for Fire and Water Tube Boiler.................................................................................................................. 212
9.2. 椭圆管板换热器Ellipsoidal Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger............................................................................................................................................. 213
9.3. 水冷管夹套换热器Cooling Tubes and Jacket Heat Exchanger ......................................................................................................................................... 214
9.4. 蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(1) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅰ).................................................................................................................................. 215
蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(2) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅱ).................................................................................................................................. 216
蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(3) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅲ).................................................................................................................................. 218
蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(4) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅳ).................................................................................................................................. 219
9.5. 过热器Superheater........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 220
9.6. 减温器Attemperators ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 221
9.7. 空气预热器Air Preheater................................................................................................................................................................................................ 222
9.8. 炉排Grates.................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 224
9.9. 下饲炉排Underfeed Stoker............................................................................................................................................................................................. 225
9.10. 喷燃器，燃烧器Burners................................................................................................................................................................................................. 226
9.11. 省煤器Economizer......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 228
9.12. 抛煤机Spreader Feeders ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 229
9.13. 磨煤机Pulverizers.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 230
10. 机械零件Machine Element..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 231
10.1. 万向节FUniversal Joints ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 231
10.2. 联轴器Couplings ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 232
10.3. 液力联轴器(1) Fluid Couplings (Ⅰ) ................................................................................................................................................................................. 234
液力联轴器(2) Fluid Couplings (Ⅱ).................................................................................................................................................................................. 235
10.4. 轴颈密封，圆周密封Circumferential Seals...................................................................................................................................................................... 236
10.5. 端面密封，轴封，轴端连接件Face Seals, Shaft Sealings and End Fittings....................................................................................................................... 237
10.6. 滚子轴承，滚柱轴承Roller Bearings............................................................................................................................................................................... 238
10.7. 球轴承，滚珠轴承Ball Bearings ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 239
10.8. 加油机构Oiling Devices ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 240
10.9. 紧固件Fastener ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 241
10.9.1. 螺栓和双头螺柱Bolts and Studs (stud bolts) 241
10.9.2. 螺钉的头部和端部型式Heads and Points of Screw 242
10.9.3. 螺母Nuts 243
10.9.4. 非螺纹紧固件Non-threaded Fasteners 244
11. 配管(管路)和管件Piping and Fitting ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 245
11.1. 阀杆与阀盖结构Valve Stem and Bonnet Designs ............................................................................................................................................................ 245
11.2. 阀门(1) Valves(Ⅰ) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 246
阀门(2) Valves(Ⅱ) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 248
阀门(3) Valves(Ⅲ) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 249
阀门(4) Valves(Ⅳ) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 250
11.3. 闸阀Gate Valve ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 251
11.4. 截止阀Globe Valve ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252
11.5. 球阀Ball Valve............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 253
11.6. 止回阀Check Valve........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 254
11.7. 弹簧安全泄压阀Spring Safety-Relief Valve...................................................................................................................................................................... 255
11.8. 液面控制浮球阀Pilot Operated Ball Float Valve............................................................................................................................................................... 256
11.9. 波纹管密封闸门阀Bellows Sealed Gate Valve................................................................................................................................................................. 257
11.10. 热膨胀阀Thermo Expansion Valve ................................................................................................................................................................................. 258
11.11. 阀门操纵机构Valve Operating Mechanisms .................................................................................................................................................................... 259
11.12. 蒸汽疏水阀(器)和空气疏水阀(器) Steam Traps and Air Traps............................................................................................................................................ 260
11.13. 管道附件Pipe Line Fitments........................................................................................................................................................................................... 262
11.14. 法兰、法兰密封面及垫片Flanges, Flange Facings and Gaskets...................................................................................................................................... 264
11.15. 填料Packings ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 266
11.16. 管件Pipe Fitting............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 267
11.16.1. 法兰管件Flanged Fittings 267
11.16.2. 螺纹管件Threaded Fittings 268
11.16.3. 钢焊接管件Steel-Welding Fittings 269
11.17. 塑料压接管接头Plastics Compression Joints .................................................................................................................................................................. 270
11.18. 预制弯管与膨胀节Fabricated Pipe Bends and Expansion Joints...................................................................................................................................... 271
11.19. 管子连接Joints in Tubing and Pipe................................................................................................................................................................................. 272
11.20. 管道绝热Piping Insulation.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 273
11.21. 管吊与管支架Pipe Hangers and Pipe Supports............................................................................................................................................................... 274
11.22. 急救冲洗和洗眼站Safety Shower and Eyewash Station Hose Station 软管站................................................................................................. 276
12. 量测仪表Instrumentation........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 277
12.1. 液位(面)计Level Gage ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 277
12.1.1. 就地安装直读液面计Locally Mounted Direct Reading Level Gages 277
12.1.2. 浮筒式液面计Displacement Type Level Gages 278
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